Perimeters, Areas and Volumes in Geometry

REGULAR POLYGONS

Theorem:

The Area  A of a regular polygon whose apothem has length a and whose perimeter is P

A=\frac{1}{2}aP

regular1

Apothem and Radius of a regular Polygon:

THEOREMS:

An apothem of a regular polygon is any line segment drawn from the center of that polygon perpendicular to one the sides.

A central angle of a regular polygon is an angle formed by two consecutive radii of the regular polygon.

The measure of the central angle of a regular polygon of n sides is :

\theta=\frac{360}{n}

A radius of a regular polygon bisects the angle at the vertex to which it is drawn.

An apothem of a regular polygon bisects the side of the polygon to which it is drawn.

regular polygon

From the figure:

The apothem:

\tan{(\frac{180}{n})}=\frac{\frac{s}{2}}{a}

This yields:

a=\frac{s}{2\tan{(\frac{180}{n})}}

a=R\cos{(\frac{180}{n})}

The Radius

\cos{(\frac{180}{n})}=\frac{a}{R}

\sin{(\frac{180}{n})}=\frac{\frac{s}{2}}{R}

This gives us:

R=\frac{s}{2\sin{(\frac{180}{n})}}

Or

R=\frac{a}{\cos{(\frac{180}{n})}}

Angles of a polygon:

The sum of the measures of the angles of a convex polygon of n sides is (n-2)180

The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a convex polygon, one angle at each vertex, is 360.

Number of Diagonals in a polygon:

The total number of diagonals D in a polygon of n sides is given by:

D=\frac{n(n-3)}{2}

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